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Williams' AD is the accumulated sum of positive "accumulational" and negative "distributional" price movements. For example, if the current closing price is higher than the previous one, W/AD increases by the difference between the current closing price and the true minimum. If the current closing price is lower than the previous one, W/AD decreases by the difference between the current closing price and the true maximum.


The term "accumulation"

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The Zigzag indicator is a series of trend lines connecting significant peaks and foundations at the price plot. Minimum price change parameter determines the percentage for the price to move in order to form a new "Zig" or "Zag" line. This indicator eliminates those changes on the plot we analyze that are less than the given v alue. Therefore, the Zigzag reflects significant changes only.


In most cases, we use Zigzag to facilitate the perception of plots

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Technical indicator named Standard Deviation (StdDev) measures the market volatility. This indicator charactrizes the scale of price changes relating to the Moving Average. Thus, if the indicator value is large, the market is volatile and the bars prices are rather dispersed relating to the moving average. If the indicator value is not large, it means that the market volatility is low and the bars prices are rather close to the moving average.

Normally, this indicator is used

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Parabolic SAR Technical Indicator was developed for analyzing the trending markets. The indicator is constructed on the price chart. This indicator is similar to the Moving Average Technical Indicator with the only difference that Parabolic SAR moves with higher acceleration and may change its position in terms of the price. The indicator is below the prices on the bull market (Up Trend), when it’s bearish (Down Trend), it is above the prices.


If the price crosses Parabolic

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Pivot Points Support and Resistance Lines, PP indicate the average price and potential lines of support and resistance in a certain time space. We get current values of the indicator from data received at the previous period.


Very often PP is based on day, week and month periods. The plot period must differ from the indicator period by one time at least. Otherwise, if they coincide, the indicator line will look like a dot and will carry no information. For example, if a PP indicator

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